Article
The aim of the study - comparative analysis of means and methods of technical training of qualified athletes engaged in ski jumping and Nordic combined.
Methods and organization of the research. The method of questioning and generalizing the data of scientific and methodological literature was used. The analyzed data of the survey of 6 trainers in Nordic combined and 10 - in ski jumping, training qualified and highly qualified domestic athletes. The indicators of the training process of men and women were studied, methodological approaches to technical training were studied, the priority of training means for improving the technique is separate phases of the jump, the ratio of support options in simulation training. Methods of mathematical statistics in «Microsoft Excel» software and data visualization in the R environment were used.
Results and discussion. The largest number of ski jumping coaches (60%) do not see the need for a differentiated approach in training men and women. The main reason for this decision is the lack of time within the framework of regulatory requirements (75% of respondents), which indicates organizational and methodological rather than substantive restrictions. Unlike men, women-Nordic combined perform 2,9 times less jumping on high-power jumps, but 1,5 times more at normal power, and jumping skiers have 21,0% less jumping training and 33,0% less cyclic load. Trainers performing separate and joint training consider take-off and flight to be the most important phases of the jump, and the rollout phase is systematically underestimated. Significant methodological disagreements are identified in the assessment of the in-run phase. High values of the standard deviation determined in the ratio of specially technical exercises for different types of support indicate the absence of a unified approach to the technical training of qualified female athletes.
Conclusion. The lack of a gender-differentiated approach can lead to inadequate loads and insufficient consideration of the physiological characteristics of women athletes. The results obtained will serve as the basis for the creation of an updated methodology for the technical training of women in ski jumping and Nordic combined.
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