Article
Introduction. The need for scientific and methodological support for the sports training of high-class athletes in preparation for the main competition is a dogma that is confirmed in numerous sources of scientific literature. However, the content of scientific and methodological support may vary depending on the specifics of the sports discipline, the stage of sports training, and the specifics of the contingent. Scientific and methodological support may include various relevant techniques from medicine, physiology, biochemistry, and biomechanics, therefore requiring the work of specialists from these sciences.
The purpose of this study is to identify promising areas for the scientific and methodological support of Russia’s national teams in IPC Athletics, IPC Swimming, Paralympic Powerlifting.
The following research methods were used: analysis of specialized literature on the issues of scientific and methodological support in Russia and abroad, a survey of coaches of the Russian national team in the studied disciplines based on a questionnaire, personal professional experience as the head of a comprehensive scientific group on Paralympic athletics.
Results and discussions. An analysis of the literature on the organization of scientific and methodological support in the field of sports abroad shows that in developed countries there is a systematic approach to the creation and operation of scientific and methodological centers and institutes that support sports structures at all levels. These studies emphasize the importance of integrating scientific research, practical developments, and educational programs to improve the effectiveness of the training process, prevent injuries, develop sports technologies, and implement innovative methods for assessing athletes.
The interviewed coaches working with high‑level athletes in the disciplines under study stated that a comprehensive assessment of the preparedness of high‑level athletes during their sports training requires conducting several research sections at the basic, special‑preparatory, and competitive stages of cyclic training. They also emphasized the need for course corrections in physical, technical, and psychological training at the basic, special‑preparatory, and competitive stages of the macrocycle.
Voroshin I.N.’s experience as the head of a comprehensive scientific group responsible for the scientific and methodological support of the Russian Paralympic track and field team from 2008 to 2018 demonstrated the feasibility of comprehensively implementing a course of pedagogical, psychological, and technical corrections to improve the training process and competitive activities in the disciplines under supervision.
Conclusions. The surveyed coaches highly rated the potential positive impact of scientific and methodological support when working with high‑level athletes in terms of physical, technical, and psychological training at the basic, special‑preparatory, and competitive stages of the macrocycle. The experience of implementing scientific and methodological support in Paralympic athletics yielded high results, including the achievement of the second overall team place at the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games.
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