Article
The purpose of the research is systematization of information on iron metabolism biomarkers and hematological parameters in endurance athletes in order to optimize dietary intake and objectively monitor physical activity.
Methods and organization of the research. Information on iron metabolism biomarkers and hematological parameters was systematized based on the results of scientific studies published in journals indexed in the Scopus international scientometric database.
Research results and their discussion. In the searching for information on iron metabolism biomarkers and hematological parameters in endurance athletes, 14 articles meeting the specified criteria were selected. This review focused on the transition from universal laboratory reference ranges to personalized interpretation of iron biomarkers, incorporating genetic factors and dynamic monitoring, as well as methodological aspects related to the selection and frequency of measurements in order to ensure effective nutritional support for endurance athletes.
Conclusion. Regular monitoring of iron metabolism biomarkers and hematological parameters is an essential part of the comprehensive biochemical evaluation of the diet and functional status of endurance athletes. The key indicators include hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin, which can be supplemented by measurements of serum iron, transferrin, and soluble transferrin receptors when necessary. Interpreting these results requires repeated testing and taking into account the individual characteristics of each athlete. Genetic factors such as polymorphisms in the HFE and AMPD1 genes can also influence iron metabolism. Future research should focus on developing standardized monitoring protocols for various sports.
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