Article
Introduction. The fast turn in swimming for athletes with musculoskeletal disorder impairments is characterized by high technical complexity due to the specific features of nosology, which limits the performance of standard technical elements typical of Olympic swimmers. In particular, when performing the turn, it becomes difficult to achieve and maintain optimal body positioning. This impossibility is directly related to predictor deviations that affect the mechanisms of body balancing and stabilization during swimming. In this case, we consider the deviations to be the specific features of performing technical elements that are related to the initial predictor — the specific impairment of the musculoskeletal system.
The purpose of this study is to develop a set of exercises to improve the speed turns of swimmers with musculoskeletal disorder impairments in various sports and functional classes, taking into account deviation predictors — technical features of swimming performance that are directly influenced by the specific nosological characteristics.
The following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis of specialized literature, analysis of athletes’ classification records, biomechanical analysis based on video recordings, pedagogical testing, and formative experiment.
Results and discussions. To improve the quality of implementing the sports training system in various sports and functional classes of swimmers with musculoskeletal disorder, a number of deviation predictors have been identified that directly affect the selection of exercises for improving one of the most important elements of completing a distance – the speed turn. During the study, we developed sets of exercises to improve speed turns in swimming for athletes with musculoskeletal disorder of various sports and functional classes, taking into account the deviation predictors.
Conclusions. The introduction of the developed sets of exercises made it possible to optimize the technique of high-speed turns, taking into account the predictors of deviations, which is expressed in improved results in pedagogical tests – individual swimming of a 30-meter segment (15 meters before the turn and 15 meters after) – from 21.34 ± 1.35 s to 20.97±1.19 s ( n=49), as well as in reducing the time of sawing 50 meters with the chosen swimming style in competitive conditions – from 28.47 ± 3.13 s to 27.94± 3.42 s (n=49).
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